Aliza Edelstein

At a high level, for product messaging, you should have these things: * Elevator Pitch * Unique Value Proposition * Competitive Positioning * Supporting Proof Points For persona messaging, add: * Buyer Personas/Ideal Customer Profiles * Top Use Cases For Elevator Pitches, I like to structure them as follows (you can massage these so they don’t feel too rigid, but this is the gist of how you set up the story): * Challenge * Solution * Benefit For the Unique Value Proposition*, I like to structure them as follows" * Who is our primary audience? (buyer or user) * What problem are we solving? (need statement) * What do we offer? (our product, solution, or service) * How are we solving it? (solution/benefit statement) * I like to structure this as “We help you…, so you can….” * What makes us unique? (core differentiators) *A Unique Value Proposition (UVP) is a framework that clearly explains the challenges facing prospects and customers, how they’ll benefit from your products, how your products solve their problems, and what makes your offer different and better than the competition. The UVP is to be used as an internal reference by everyone in the company to ensure a common understanding and language of who you build for, what you build, and why. It’s the positioning that underlies the Elevator Pitch, which is how you (and your sales team, your friends, your neighbors, your parents) colloquially speak to these concepts.

I see three parts to driving alignment, both with execs and among all other stakeholders: 1. First, bring them along for the journey. Messaging cannot be done in a silo, and it’s difficult to properly adopt if not everybody feels bought in. Interview your execs and stakeholders to learn their perspective, where they feel the company or product is differentiated, what customer pain it solves, what benefits it delivers. The answers will vary and will be meaningful inputs as you craft and test your messaging. 2. Second, set regular check-ins and milestones with execs and key stakeholders so they know what to expect and when. Landing messaging correctly can take a while, but it has lots of incremental milestones. Make sure to communicate these expectations, along with what level of input you’d like from them at the various stages. 3. Third, bring data! While messaging can be creative and subjective, its resonance with your target market and customers can be quantified. Being able to quantify its impact will drive alignment. Here are channels I recommend testing your messaging in to get data to indicate what is resonating: * Qualitative interviews. Conduct these with your existing customers or your target market (you may have to pay some incentives). Run these one-on-one, or via focus groups. Listen not only to what they say but also to what words they use (e.g., do they say they want to work “faster” or “more efficiently”). You will detect patterns which will inform your quantitative research. * Quantitative market research (via surveys). I used to work at SurveyMonkey which offers an incredible DIY market research panel called Audience. It lets you reach millions of people based on the targeting attributes you set, and it gets you answers quickly (in days). * Test the messaging in real life across channels. * Website: A/B test messaging on paid landing pages or your company’s website. Just make sure you have enough traffic or can run it for long enough to get statistical significance on the test. Directional changes are not significant and thus due to chance. * SEM: Test variations of messaging in your ads. You can measure CTR to know what’s most eye-catching, which will get you very quick results (roughly 2 weeks, depending on your budget). You can measure CPL or another top-of-funnel conversion rate metric (may take a little longer), and you can measure down funnel quality (will take longer, depending on your sales cycle) to understand quality in the middle and bottom of the funnel (AOV, LTV, etc.). Email: Test marketing emails to prospects measuring similar metrics outline above in SEM, or test cold sales outreach emails to prospects. What messaging and positioning prompts recipients to engage, reply, convert? You can test subject lines, content, CTAs, length, or anything else. In-product: If your company has a logged-in web or app experience, test messaging in there. Social: You can test sets of paid social ads, or you can post on your own social media channels for free. Measure which variations get the most engagement and conversion. (Note: the audiences are often quite different for paid and organic social—often your followers are existing customers, and the people you show paid ads to are prospects.) * Sales, Account Management, and Support calls: Identify a select few counterparts on these teams and provide them with call scripts or different talk tracks to handle objections or promote new products. Ask them to note how the conversations differ or what messaging resonates most on their calls.

The key to keeping messaging initiatives on track is to ensure internal stakeholders are bought in and represented throughout the process. In addition to making sure they feel heard, your messaging, launches, and campaigns will be better with their input because they bring different perspectives to the table, and diversity of thought does two wonderful things: 1. Helps you see things differently 2. Surfaces blindspots in your thinking In terms of specific questions, for a messaging initiative for example, I’d recommend 2 things: 1. Start broad. Ask what challenges are they facing or problems they’re feeling getting their work done. Your email team might cite email fatigue or low open rates; your paid marketing team might cite that conversion rates are really low on any ads that don’t use language around “free;” your support team might cite a rise in customer confusion around a certain feature set. Gather these. 2. Synthesize and reconcile this feedback. Develop a few proposed solutions or a draft messaging framework and meet with them again to hear their reactions. *** Below is a list of questions that my team will meet with stakeholders to ask (not all questions are applicable for all stakeholders). I’ve also found that it can be more productive for my team to fill out what they think are the best answers and then ask the stakeholders to react/respond/rip it apart in the meeting if it's a giant meeting or if time is short. Bringing a starting point helps expedite the conversation to the meatier topics. Persona: 1. [Challenge] What main challenges does this persona face? In the market? At their company? What is the cost to the customer of not overcoming this challenge? (lost revenue, time to market, competitive advantage, operating cost, unmitigated risk, opportunity cost, etc) 2. [Solution] How does [our company] solve this problem for a customer? Complete this sentence: “We help you…” What are relevant features? Integrations? What are the top use cases? 3. [Benefit] What overarching customer benefit would they want? Complete this sentence: “...so you can…” 4. [Core differentiators] What are the top 3 things that make [our company] unique? What are the corresponding benefits? Complete this sentence: When choosing a [product like ours], it’s most important that it 5. [Compelling Reason to Buy] What will convince prospects to shift from whatever they have to new product/solution? What is the single most Compelling Reason to Buy (CRTB)? What would prompt this persona to evaluate a new [product like ours]? 6. What does a happy customer using [product bundle] look like today? Company age: Employee count: Software used: Common job titles etc. 7. Who would be happy customers in the next 1-2 years, as we advance the product and what do they want? 8. Who would be an unhappy customer for [product bundle] today? Why aren’t they good fits? Product: 1. What challenge does the product address? 2. How does the product solve the challenge? 3. What is the benefit of using this product? (functional? emotional?) 4. What are the market alternatives that exist today? (i.e., what could they use in lieu of the product to get the job done?) 5. What are the product alternatives that exist today? (i.e., who are the product’s key competitors?)

There are many points in a company’s lifecycle when messaging and positioning should be reassessed—such as product launches, rebranding, or when you’re getting consistent feedback from customers or prospects (or other customer-facing teams like sales and support) that things are unclear. Repositioning is often linked to a rebranding moment or major product launch, but not always. For repositioning a mature-market leading company, first be sure to identify the goal. Is it to develop a cohesive overarching narrative across multiple products so you’re better bundling the solution? Is it to differentiate? I used to work at SurveyMonkey, which is a 20-year-old market leader, and we launched new messaging a few quarters after we rebranded. I approached that the same way I would have to develop positioning for anything else: 1. We outlined a number of goals, one of which was to tell a cohesive, overarching story across our portfolio of eight B2B products and one self-serve product. 2. We talked to customers 3. We talked to prospects and researched the market 4. We tested new messaging across channels 5. We rolled it out, internally and externally If you’re worried about showing inconsistent messaging while you’re in the testing phase, pick channels that you can control the audiences for and throttle volume and impressions for, such as paid/SEM ads or sales outreach emails.

I recommend creating an internal glossary for your company so everyone shares the same understanding. Here's how I think about it: * Features - Specific functionality of a product. * Core differentiators - What are the 3-5 unique capabilities you have that separate you from the competition? What are you better at? * Solution - What problem do you help your target customer solve? A solution completes the sentence: “We help you…” * Benefit - What overarching benefit do you deliver for your target customer solve? A benefit completes the sentence: “[We help you X,] so you can...”

* Ensure you have leadership buy-in * Roadshow it across teams in the company, starting with those that will be using it on a regular basis * Get your leadership team to amplify it—everywhere (town halls, all hands, internal emails, etc.) * Ask customer-facing teams to include it in various public places, like their LinkedIn profile description

This is a great question and I’ll share an answer, but it’s a topic I’d encourage you to discuss with your manager if you’re looking to grow from an individual contributor into a people manager role. In addition to having advanced knowledge or mastery of domain-specific skills, I look for the following core competencies: * Problem solving & decision-making: You can take a high-level business goal, identify the problem, and come up with a strategy across multiple functions and the resources needed to succeed. * Influence & collaboration: You collaborate with key partners to influence outcomes and achieve team goals. You are trusted and regularly sought to help make or inform decisions for partners across the company. You drive planning at an inter-team level and are able to effectively involve all relevant teams and stakeholders. * Management (forward looking): * You could create an inclusive environment that builds trust in your team. * You could regularly provide feedback, set goals, discuss day-to-day challenges and career development on a regular cadence with your direct reports. * You understand the company’s people processes and could uphold expectations around performance evaluations and compensation conversations. * You would take full accountability for your team’s impact and well-being and ensure people can be proud of their work. You would enable your team to operate at a high-performing level. The other thing strong leaders I know have in common is that they prioritize the company first, then their team, and then themselves. In terms of my (abbreviated) story, I started my career in marketing as an individual contributor. At SurveyMonkey, joined as an IC Demand Generation Manager. I started “dotted-line” managing an employee who wanted to move into Demand Generation, and about 3-6 months later, I was formally promoted to manage that employee and build out and lead the Demand Generation team. When I transitioned into Product Marketing at SurveyMonkey, I went back to being an IC at first (although I informally led a cross-functional team focused on our personalization initiatives), before taking a position at Brex that would allow me to build out a team. I was the founding Product Marketer at Brex and built the team from one to 10 people in my time there. I’m most proud not of the team size but of its performance and engagement: our engagement and retention scores on quarterly pulse surveys were consistently above the company average, and the team members were high performers who genuinely enjoyed working together and built each other up to collectively do our best work.

There are two great resources I highly recommend, aside from Sharebird (which contains a true wealth of guidance): 1. Reforge’s Product Marketing course 2. Product Marketing Alliance I recently took the Reforge course and got a huge amount of value from it, even though my career is over a decade long. There are always so many ways to keep improving yourself and your work! Both of my suggestions above have a price tag, so work with your company to see if they’ll sponsor a seat for you. You can also find Product Marketing / Marketing leaders whose careers you admire and follow their content. Here’s a shortlist of mine: * Joanna Lord, many-time CMO and board member - produces great content (and is also quite funny and enjoyable to listen to) * Peep Laja, CEO of Wynter - produces lots of strong content on messaging (I did a podcast with him once, and he’s interviewed many other marketers) * Meghan Keaney Anderson, many-time head of marketing - her LinkedIn posts are relatable and helpful * Agustina Sacerdote - trifecta of a marketing, product, and growth leader * Christy Roach - exceptional product marketer and team leader with a healthy dose of pragmatism I’m hyperlinking their LinkedIns so you can Follow them, but they’ve authored a tremendous amount of valuable content so just google them and you can find what’s relevant for you. 

Oh, this is a fun question! The best successes, for me, have been when our metrics have improved as a direct result of the messaging (which you can determine through testing and isolating the variables to just the messaging. Two successes stand out to me: 1. At SurveyMonkey, I had the privilege of working on corporate messaging that tied together our self-serve product and our eight B2B products in one cohesive, overarching narrative. When we tested the new messaging, we saw a statistical performance increase in SEM ad click-through rate, which translated to a significant decrease in customer acquisition cost. 2. At Brex, I was lucky enough to work on corporate messaging and positioning as we grew from offering one product (corporate credit cards) to more than one product (cash management accounts). When testing the new messaging, we saw: * 143% increase in paid landing page conversion * 66% decrease in CPL on SEM * 88% increase in CTR on paid ads It’s critical for PMMs to connect “softer” things like messaging to “hard” business metrics. Messaging works and can meaningfully move the needle for performance marketing and business goals.

There are so many ways to conduct research on a limited budget—and even for free! * Gen AI. You no longer need to hire expensive agencies or consultants to write well-structured surveys. Use AI tools as a starting point and refine it. (See for yourself what happens when you ask ChatGPT “can you write a 10 question concept testing survey that will help me validate 3 new product name options?”) * Templates. Same point as above - here’s an excellent set of templates (scroll to bottom). * Online communities. Ask questions or post surveys in specific online communities, like LinkedIn groups, Reddit, or Quora. * One caveat about courtesy (and general good karma): make sure to give back to the communities. Don’t just pop in to ask people to take your survey or schedule an interview with you and then disappear; provide your help, time, and expert opinions to others in the community who ask for it. * Affordable (quality) panels. * It will cost some money to field a survey to a panel of respondents. Harder-to-find respondents cost more than others easier to find ones. To lower your cost, you can evaluate opening up your criteria to a broader set of targeting attributes and then use screening questions to filter out unqualified survey-takers. This can sometimes cost less than pricing respondents with highly specific criteria. * Also, the cost per respondents usually differs across panels and you can hunt for the most reasonable prices. Just remember to weigh this with the reputation of the panel—or run your survey to a small set of respondents to assess quality for yourself. You can do this by seeing if open-ended questions are being answered by real people—not bots or trolls, and by analyzing the close-ended questions to make sure there isn’t satisficing, straight-lining, or no insights at all (bot randomization). * Free tools. Pretty much every survey platform has a free option (SurveyMonkey, Google Forms, etc.). The functionality is more limited than a paid plan, but you can be smart and creative about what you ask. Paid plans are usually < $500/year. * Owned channels. Conduct A/B tests on channels that you own, such as: * Website: Run A/B tests on landing pages or your company’s website. (Just make sure you have enough traffic or can run it for long enough to get statistical significance on the test. Directional changes are not significant and thus due to chance.) * SEM: Test variations of messaging, positioning, concepts, or offers in your ads. You can measure CTR to know what’s most interest-piquing, which will get you very quick results (roughly 2 weeks, depending on your budget). You can measure CPL or another top-of-funnel conversion rate metric (may take a little longer), and you can measure down funnel quality (will take longer, depending on your sales cycle) to understand quality in the middle and bottom of the funnel (AOV, LTV, etc.). Email: Test marketing emails to prospects measuring similar metrics outlined above in SEM, or test cold sales outreach emails to prospects measuring engagement (what prompts recipients to engage, reply, convert?). You can test subject lines, content, CTAs, length, or anything else. In-product: If your company has a logged-in web or app experience, you can test in there. Social: You can test sets of paid social ads, or you can post on your own social media channels for free. Measure which variations get the most engagement and conversion. (Note: the audiences are often quite different for paid and organic social—often your followers are existing customers, and the people you show paid ads to are prospects.) * Sales, Account Management, and Support calls: Identify a select few counterparts on these teams and provide them with different call scripts, slides, and talk tracks to handle objections, promote new products/offers, or test new positioning. Listen to the call recordings (we use Gong) or ask them to note how the conversations differ and what resonates most on their calls. If you have enough volume, you can measure things like deal close rate and sales cycle length. * Existing data. You may already have existing data at your disposal, in which case you do not necessarily need to gather more information. You can leverage these existing insights, or analyze the data sets again from new angles. * Existing customers. Research can be with people you know, and they’re often more willing to share their opinions for free (or lower compensation) than people that you or your company don’t already have a relationship with. This could mean recontacting people you’ve interviewed before, conducting fresh interviews with a different sample set, listening to call recordings (we use Gong), or sending them a survey.